In an era where technological innovations continue to transform the creative landscape, Oscar-winning composer A R Rahman has emerged as a proponent of using artificial intelligence (AI) in music — but with a clear and meaningful purpose. The iconic musician recently brought back the voices of the late singers Bamba Bakya and Shahul Hameed through AI software for a new track, stressing that while such technology opens up incredible possibilities, its use must be far from a gimmicky endeavor.
During a virtual interview with PTI, Rahman reflected on the complex nature of AI, a subject that elicits a blend of admiration and trepidation across the globe. For him, AI in music is not just for show; it demands meticulous implementation. “(You should do it) Only when you really need it and only when you can do it. It should not be half-baked. It’s an effect and has to serve the purpose,” explained Rahman.
This purpose was evident in the track Thimiri Yezhuda from the film Lal Salaam, directed by Aishwarya Rajinikanth, set for theater release on February 9. Bakya and Hameed are posthumously credited as playback singers, a homage achieved through AI that would have been impossible otherwise. But Rahman emphasizes that ethical considerations were at the forefront of this endeavor. The consent and blessings of the singers’ families were paramount, and appropriate compensation was provided.
“Internet is full of people recreating old tracks with new technology,” Rahman observed and acknowledged that there are AI renditions of political leaders singing circulated on platforms like Tik Tok and Instagram. While such applications may be entertaining, commercial projects carry a weightier responsibility. “But when you do something commercially and it’s a money-making thing, it’s legit to go and take permission. It’s important to compensate for it,” he pointed out, advocating for a regulated method to prevent misuse.
The initiative also had the support of the director, Aishwarya, which set a precedent that has now led to requests for AI renditions of other singers, like the renowned SP Balasubramaniam. The talent of Bakya, who passed away in September 2022, and that of Hameed, who had been a frequent collaborator with Rahman until his death in 1998, were invaluable to the film industry. Through AI, their voices have been given a new lease of life, reminiscent of resurrecting historical figures in cinema.
However, Rahman is not blind to the debates and fears surrounding AI, particularly the worry that it might displace human jobs. He counsels caution, stating that these advances should foster rather than hinder human employment. Citing the importance of conscience, Rahman remarked, “Any technology should not harm humanity. It should only enhance or better our way of work. Even if it takes one job away, it’s not worth it.”
In blending AI with traditional music production, Rahman not only pays tribute to lost talents but also leads a broader conversation about the role of technology in the arts. He emphasizes the need for moral responsibility, the sanctity of permission, and the significance of honest compensation. By navigating this delicate balance, Rahman’s latest work stands as a testament to the virtues of AI when it adheres to the service of art and humanity. Tamil cinema, and indeed the entire Indian film industry, thus steps into a new era, one where the past and future harmonize to create magic, under the careful stewardship of visionaries like A R Rahman.
